Cebuano Adjectives

LESSON 4

Adjectives: Opposites

POSITIVE            NEGATIVE                 POSITIVE      NEGATIVE

1.     Duol…..               layu                              near….            far

2.     Mahal…..           barato                          expensive…   cheap

3.     Bag-o…..             daan                             new…             old

4.     Gwapa…             Maut/pangit              beautiful…     ugly

5.     Dako…..              gamay                         big…..             small

6.     Datu……              pobre                          rich…..           poor

7.     Puti……                itum                             white…          black

8.     Buotan..              maldita                       kind….           Unkind/mean

9.     Sayun…               lisud                             easy….           difficult

10.             tambok…     niwang                        fat….              thin

You can also form a negative word by adding the word “dili” before the positive adjective.

Examples:

           

dili + positive = negative

            Dili duol         =          layu (far)

            Dili mahal     =          barato(cheap)

            Dili bag-o      =          daan(old)

            Dili gwapa    =          pangit (ugly)

            Dili dako        =          gamay (small)

            Dili datu        =          pobre (poor)

            Dili puti          =          itum (black) or other color

            Dili buotan   =          maldita (unkind/mean)

            Dili sayun      =          lisud(difficult)

            Dili tambok  =          niwang (thin)

           

Examples of Sentences:  Pattern (Verb-Subject-Object)

1.  duol….layu                     near…far

·        Duol akong balay.  (Near, my, house)

My house is near.

Duol….           Near

akong..          my

            Balay…           house

·        Layu akong uyab. (Far, my,  girlfriend/boyfriend)

My girlfriend/boyfriend is far.

Layu….           Far

akong….        my

Uyab…           girlfriend/boyfriend

Or you can also change the pattern by using Subject-Object-Verb which is still correct and understood but not commonly used.

Ang akong uyab layu.  (My gf/bf is far)

2.  Mahal…Barato             expensive…cheap

·        Mahal ang balay. (expensive, a/the, house)

A house is expensive.

Mahal….        Expensive

Ang…             a/the

Ang balay…  a house/the house

·        Barato ang bugas. (cheap, a/the, rice)

Rice is cheap.

Barato….       Cheap

Ang…             a/the

Bugas….        Rice

3.     Bag-o…..            daan               new…                        old

·        Bag-o akong sinina. (new, my, dress)

My dress is new.

Bag-o….         new

Akong…         my

                        Sinina..          dress

·        Daan akong libro. (old, my, book)

My book is old.

                        Daan…           old

                        Akong…         my

                        Libro…           book

4.     Gwapa…            pangit                       beautiful…   ugly

·        Gwapa akong amiga. (beautiful, my, friend)

My friend is beautiful.

            Gwapa…       beautiful

            Akong….       My

            Amiga…         friend

·        Maut/Pangit  si Jane. (ugly, Jane)

Jane is ugly.

            Maut/pangit  ugly

            Si…                  an article used before a name

5.     Dako….. gamay                       big…..                        small

·        Dako akong tiyan. (big,my, stomach)

My stomach is big.

            Dako….          Big

            Akong….       My

            Tiyan…           stomach

·        Gamay akong kwarto. (small, my, room)

My room is small.

            Gamay…       small

            Akong…         my

            Kwarto…       room

6.     Datu…… pobre                                    rich…..           poor

·        Datu si Warren Buffet. (rich, si +name)

Warren Buffet is rich.

            Datu…            rich

            Si….                An article

·        Pobre si Angelita. (poor, si +name)

Angelita is poor.

            Pobre…         poor

           

7.     Puti……  itum                           white…         black

·        Puti si Cisco. (white, si +name)

Cisco is white.

Puti…             white

·        Itum si Kobe Bryant. (black, si + name)

Kobe Bryant is black.

Itum…            black

8.     Buotan.. maldita                     kind….           Unkind/mean

·        Buotan si Cisco. (kind, si + name)

Cisco is kind.

Buotan          kind

·        Maldita si Susan. (mean, si+name)

Susan is mean.

Maldita…      mean/unkind

9.     Sayun…  lisud                           easy….          difficult

·        Sayun ang Cebuano. (easy, a/the, Cebuano)

Cebuano is easy.

Sayun            ….        Easy

·        Lisud ang Chinese.             (difficult, a/the, Chinese)

Chinese is difficult.

10.           tambok…niwang   fat….              Thin

·        Tambok si Oprah.

Oprah is fat.

Tambok         fat

·        Niwang si Celine Dion.

Celine Dion is thin.

            Niwang          thin

Asa (Where)

Lesson 5: Using the word “ASA”

(where)

1.     Asa ka karon?  (Where are you now? )

2.     Asa ka gikan? (where have you been?) (Where did you go/ come from)

3.     Asa ka adto? (Where are  you going?)

4.     Asa imong balay? (where is your house?)

5.     Asa imong mama? (Where is your mother?)

6.     Asa imong papa? (Where is your father?)

7.     Asa imong gitara? (Where is your guitar?)

8.     Asa si Nerissa? (Where is Nerissa?)

9.     Asa ang paradahan sa bus? (Where is the bus station?)

10.                        Asa imong uyab? (Where is your boyfriend/girlfriend)

vocabularies:

CEBUANO	ENGLISH
ka	you
karon	Now, today, at the moment
gikan	have been to/went/came from
adto	going
imong	your
balay	house
mama	mother/mom
papa	father/dad
Girata	guitar
Paradahan	station
Uyab	girlfriend/boyfriend

Song: USAHAY

                                                                             
Usahay nagadamgo ako,                                              
nga ikaw ug ako nagkahigugmaay.                           
Nganong damguhon ko ikaw?                                   
Damguhon sa kanunay sa akong kamingaw.       
Usahay nagamahay ako,                                              
nganong nabuhi pa ning kalibutan.                          
Kay nganong gi tiaw-tiawan ang gugma ko kanimo?   Kanimo da.               

Sometimes

Sometimes I have a dream

That you and I are in love

Why do I dream of you?

I keep dreaming of you in my loneliness

Sometimes I really regret

Why am I still living in this world?

Why did you make fun of my love for you?

For you alone.

Vocabulary:

Usahay…..sometimes

Nagadamgo…dreaming, having dreams

Ako…I

Nagkahigugmaay…in love

Ngano’ng…why

Damguhon…will dream

Kanunay…always

Kamingaw…solitude, loneliness

Nagamahay…have regrets

Nabuhi…to live

Kalibutan…world

Tiaw-tiaw…joke, to make fun

Gugma…love (noun)

Kanimo…for you

Cebuano Pronouns

Pronouns	English		English		English
Subject	Subject	Object	Object	Possessive	Possessive
Ako/Ko	I	nako	I/me	Akoa/akong	my,mine
Ikaw/ka	You	nimo	you	Imo/imong	your/yours
Siya/sya	He/She/It	niya	him/her	Iya/Iyang	his/hers
Sila	They	nila	them	ilaha/ilang	their/theirs
Kita/ta	We	nato	us	atoa/atong	our/ours

Note:   

Formal written or in some drama and public presentation we use the word        

KA before the object pronoun.

We don't use them for our daily conversations.

Examples:          

               

Kanako me

kanimo you

kaniya   him/her

kanila    them

kanato  us

Sentences:

·         Nalipay ko.                          I am happy.

·         Nag-unsa ka?                     What are you doing?

·         Kinsa siya?                          Who is he/she?

·         Asa sila?                              Where are they?

·         Asa ta adto?                       Where are we going?

·         Ihatag na nako.                 Give that to me.

·         Akong amiga.                     My friend.

·         Imong kotse.                     Your car.

·         Ilang trabaho.                    Their work.

·         Atong gugma.                    Our love.

·         Iyang uyab gwapa.          His girlfriend is beautiful.

·         Iyang uyap gwapo.          Her boyfriend is handsome.

Using Kaon (eat)

1. Kaon-eat


Past                                   Present                        Future
nikaon                                nagkaon                     Magkaon/Mukaon


Nikaon na ko                     Nagkaon ko.              Mukaon ko unya.
(I already ate)                      (I’m eating.)                 (I will eat later.)

Nikaon na ka?                    Nagkaon ka?              Mukaon ka?
(Have you eaten yet?)           (Are you eating)           (Are you going to eat?)




2. Luto-Cook


Past                                           Present                      Future
Nagluto                                    Nagluto                      magluto

Nagluto na ko.                        Nagluto ko.                 Magluto ko.
(I already cooked.)                (I’m cooking.)                 (I’m going to cook.)        

Nagluto na ka?                        Nagluto ka?              Magluto ka?
 (Did you already cook?)       (Are you cooking?)        (Are you going to cook?)

Cebuano Sentences

Examples:
Gigutom si Ramón.          "Ramón is hungry."
(hungry is Ramón)


Gwapo si Roberto.           "Roberto is handsome."
(Handsome is Roberto)


Nakit-an ni Alejandra si Juan. "Alejandra saw Juan."
(saw of Alejandra Juan)


Mangadto silang Isabela ug Gloria sa balay ni Juan.
(Will-go Isabela and Gloria to-the house of Juan)
"Isabela and Gloria will go to Juan's houses"

Hain/Asa ang mga libro?         "Where are the books?"

(At-where the those book(s)

To-a kang Carlos ang yawe.    "Carlos has the keys."
(At with Carlos the keys)


Murag Butong si Paolo.           "Paolo is like a coconut."
(Like Coconut is Paolo)


Lami na pagkaon.                    "Food is delicious"
(Delicious is food)